Excerpt from
Academy of Special Needs Planners: (click for entire article)
Special needs planning with military and veterans benefits is a growing field and one that many special needs planners are adding to their practices. However, the military and veterans benefits systems are quite intricate and rely on rules that may be counter-intuitive to some experienced special needs planners. Michigan ASNP member Sanford Mall provided an informative overview of special needs planning with military and veterans benefits at this year's 4th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Special Needs Planners. Mall's presentation should be a first stop for any attorney thinking about adding veterans planning to his or her repertoire.
Mall began by explaining that there are really two separate systems of military-related benefits, one run by the Department of Defense and the other run by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Active duty service members and their families will receive health care services, as well as social services and help with education, through programs offered by the Department of Defense. Mall pointed out that these programs are usually very comprehensive and will assist an active duty member of the military who has a dependent child with special needs. However, in order to qualify as a dependent child, the child with special needs must have become "permanently incapable of self-support" prior to age 18, a significant difference from the Social Security Administration's 22-year-old cut-off. (The materials accompanying Mall's presentation contain much more specific information about Department of Defense Benefits. You can read the materials here.)
While children of active duty service members may qualify for a host of programs, the VA offers benefits only to children of veterans who have passed away, and those benefits are not nearly as comprehensive as the ones offered by the Department of Defense. Mall explained that there are two main financial benefits that may be available to children of deceased service members -- a Dependency and Indemnity Compensation (DIC) benefit for surviving dependents of service members who died as a result of a service-connected injury (or who died after being totally and permanently disabled), and a Death Pension benefit that is not based on death in service or a service-connected disability.
The DIC benefit is not needs-based and is available to the family of any service member who meets the requirements. If the family includes a child with special needs, it provides either a boost to a surviving spouse's DIC benefit, or, if there is no surviving spouse, then a child with special needs may receive around $774 a month. The Death Pension is needs-based and is available only to people who meet income and asset requirements. The Death Pension provides approximately $2,000 a year to a child of a deceased service member, and that benefit is available only if there is no surviving spouse. Mall summed up the available options by posing a question. "What happens if a veteran dies . . . and the death was not service connected or he or she was not permanently and totally disabled from a service-connected injury or illness or if there was no wartime service record? . . .Then, sorry, no survivor benefits as it relates to doing something with respect to special needs benefits."
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